Nowadays we get used that cheap mobile phones provide us with various kinds of entertainment, though at the beginning the main goal of the creation of such devices was... security. It should be said that the first country which used radio telephony was Germany. All the first-class trains between Berlin and Hamburg were equipped with such devices since 1926. Note that the Second World War played important role in the development of various modern devices, weapons and equipment. And mobile phones are not the exception to this rule. With the addition of Mobile SIM Cards today mobile phone use has never been more affordable.
Of course, radio telephony which was used in German tanks as well as on passenger airplanes during the Second World War, can't be called mobile phones, but still it is the root of these digital devices. It should be noted that in all the above mentioned cases, the specialists were necessary for providing such services and only since 1950 an untrained end consumer was able to use radio telephony. In other words, only since that time we can talk about the two-way communication where the second person is just the usual man, but not a professional.
As early as 1947, Douglas H. Ring and W. Rae Young, Bell Labs engineers offered hexagonal cells for mobile phones. But cellular ideas were not developed till 1960. The other thing is with the automatic mobile phone system or MTA (Mobile Telephone system A). It was developed much earlier in 1956 by Ericsson and released in Sweden. Of course, it was really something new, because such a system was fully automatic, but still had such a disadvantage as the phone weight which was up to 40kg. So, would you like to take this device with you for a walk? The updated version, MTB, weighted only 9 kg.
At the beginning, mobile phones were installed in cars and became the prerogative of rich businessmen. It was rather a useful device for work than the thing which can enhance the prestige of someone... but only at the beginning. Nowadays mobile phones continue to be a kind of accessories. As a rule, people estimate a person by her watch, bag and of course, Nokia mobile phone. So, it can be said that this thing has become a status symbol. Or is it, probably, just a good promotion?
Tuesday, September 28, 2010
Mobile Computing
Mobile Computing is a term used when referring to the use of portable and wireless computing and communication devices, such as laptops, mobile phones, pocket PCs and Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) with Bluetooth technology. Mobile computing is still a relatively new concept, and has seen significant developments in the past five years. The increasing mobility of today’s workforce has seen a need for the introduction of these devices, enabling workers to be connected to business networks whilst on the move, locally, nationally and internationally.
Mobile Computing has come into prominence in recent years, with the development of Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs), Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) ‘HotSpots’ and the relevant hardware. A user currently has the ability to connect to the internet through technologies such as mobile phones, laptops, pocket PCs or PDAs whilst on the move, away from the traditional office environment. This technology is still considered fairly new, and is constantly improving and changing. In Australia, communication companies such as Telstra, Optus and Three Mobile offer customers connection through pocket PCs, mobile phones with Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) technology, and broadband internet access. The recent introduction of the CDMA Network Communication Card from Telstra enables users to transform laptops into a connected office no mater where they are. In the United States and Europe, WiFi ‘HotSpots’ are becoming increasingly common in cafes, airports and even parks, with Australians expecting a similar movement in the coming years. 'HotSpots' enable workers with WLANs to connect to the internet and communicate with their office from wherever they may be. 'HotSpots' are particularly common in airports, as they provide the traveller the ability to work productively whilst waiting for a connecting flight.
Mobile Computing will initially be seen to present the most opportunities for businesses, thorough the creation of the ‘Mobile Office’. Companies specialising in any area (for example, healthcare, hospitality, education or logistics) have the potential to benefit from mobile computing, through increased flexibility, faster decision-making, higher employee satisfaction, greater accuracy, and improved productivity. By tailoring mobile computing to the needs of the individual user, businesses can expect a significant increase in the level of communication and employee efficiency. However, the initial financial investment in mobile computing is quite high. Whilst the technology continues to develop and change, companies remain wary of investing significant capital as the potential for mobile computing is still unknown. In 2004, Douglas Dedo of the Microsoft Corporation indicated that his company expects to see a rise in the use of mobile technologies as the number of products and availability of high speed networks increase. “Traditional offices may become obsolete, as workers are increasingly mobile�. This sentiment is shared by Steve Curran in Convergence Design (2003), where he states, “PDAs have the potential to become what mobile phones have; standard equipment for business people, parents and students�.
Mobile Computing currently presents many challenges for those businesses and individuals implementing the technology. Developers are constantly struggling to provide users with a cost effective and flexible service that is easy to centrally manage. It is anticipated that companies such as Microsoft and Intel will provide software and services to help mobile workers overcome the physical, cultural and technical barriers that often limit productivity. In business, these services “should enable people to seamlessly access their information any time, anywhere�. (Dedo, 2001).
The potential for the growth of mobile computing is exciting, and continues to see companies investment hundreds of millions of dollars in its development. The future direction for these technologies is constantly changing, as faster connections and improved software and hardware options are being developed. It is anticipated that by 2006, the number of users will rise dramatically, as more companies see the benefits of a sizeable investment in the future. Technologies will continue to improve and develop, with WiFi, currently IEEE 802.11 expected to be replaced by the more advanced WiMax, at IEEE 802.16. Individuals will have their own synchronised network of devices, with the PC remaining central to operation of ‘mass communication mobility’. In an article for PC World Magazine (29 July 2004), James Martin suggests that we are close to the ability to be “surfing the internet on your notebook at blazing speed� wherever you may be. The future is expected to see the ability to download a file to a handheld device from the office PC whilst on the move, simply with internet and WLAN connection.
As a technological field, the potential for advancement in mobile computing is seemingly limitless. As businesses and individuals evolve, their communication needs continue to be met be companies striving to connect the world, continuing to break down time and distance barriers. It is anticipated that we will soon be connected 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, changing the way we interact with people and technology.
Mobile Computing has come into prominence in recent years, with the development of Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs), Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) ‘HotSpots’ and the relevant hardware. A user currently has the ability to connect to the internet through technologies such as mobile phones, laptops, pocket PCs or PDAs whilst on the move, away from the traditional office environment. This technology is still considered fairly new, and is constantly improving and changing. In Australia, communication companies such as Telstra, Optus and Three Mobile offer customers connection through pocket PCs, mobile phones with Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) technology, and broadband internet access. The recent introduction of the CDMA Network Communication Card from Telstra enables users to transform laptops into a connected office no mater where they are. In the United States and Europe, WiFi ‘HotSpots’ are becoming increasingly common in cafes, airports and even parks, with Australians expecting a similar movement in the coming years. 'HotSpots' enable workers with WLANs to connect to the internet and communicate with their office from wherever they may be. 'HotSpots' are particularly common in airports, as they provide the traveller the ability to work productively whilst waiting for a connecting flight.
Mobile Computing will initially be seen to present the most opportunities for businesses, thorough the creation of the ‘Mobile Office’. Companies specialising in any area (for example, healthcare, hospitality, education or logistics) have the potential to benefit from mobile computing, through increased flexibility, faster decision-making, higher employee satisfaction, greater accuracy, and improved productivity. By tailoring mobile computing to the needs of the individual user, businesses can expect a significant increase in the level of communication and employee efficiency. However, the initial financial investment in mobile computing is quite high. Whilst the technology continues to develop and change, companies remain wary of investing significant capital as the potential for mobile computing is still unknown. In 2004, Douglas Dedo of the Microsoft Corporation indicated that his company expects to see a rise in the use of mobile technologies as the number of products and availability of high speed networks increase. “Traditional offices may become obsolete, as workers are increasingly mobile�. This sentiment is shared by Steve Curran in Convergence Design (2003), where he states, “PDAs have the potential to become what mobile phones have; standard equipment for business people, parents and students�.
Mobile Computing currently presents many challenges for those businesses and individuals implementing the technology. Developers are constantly struggling to provide users with a cost effective and flexible service that is easy to centrally manage. It is anticipated that companies such as Microsoft and Intel will provide software and services to help mobile workers overcome the physical, cultural and technical barriers that often limit productivity. In business, these services “should enable people to seamlessly access their information any time, anywhere�. (Dedo, 2001).
The potential for the growth of mobile computing is exciting, and continues to see companies investment hundreds of millions of dollars in its development. The future direction for these technologies is constantly changing, as faster connections and improved software and hardware options are being developed. It is anticipated that by 2006, the number of users will rise dramatically, as more companies see the benefits of a sizeable investment in the future. Technologies will continue to improve and develop, with WiFi, currently IEEE 802.11 expected to be replaced by the more advanced WiMax, at IEEE 802.16. Individuals will have their own synchronised network of devices, with the PC remaining central to operation of ‘mass communication mobility’. In an article for PC World Magazine (29 July 2004), James Martin suggests that we are close to the ability to be “surfing the internet on your notebook at blazing speed� wherever you may be. The future is expected to see the ability to download a file to a handheld device from the office PC whilst on the move, simply with internet and WLAN connection.
As a technological field, the potential for advancement in mobile computing is seemingly limitless. As businesses and individuals evolve, their communication needs continue to be met be companies striving to connect the world, continuing to break down time and distance barriers. It is anticipated that we will soon be connected 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, changing the way we interact with people and technology.
Life Mobile app lets you explore history
Life magazine may not be printed any longer, but that doesn’t mean its legendary photojournalism didn’t have an impact on history. Whether you previously read Life weekly or you’re seeing its photos for the first time Time Inc.’s new app, Life Mobile, for iPhone, iPad and iPod Touch, can help you explore the annals of history.
Working in conjunction with Life.com, the Life Mobile app contains all the photos available on the website. You can browse photos by category or search for a keyword. Photo galleries load quickly and you can swipe through just like in your camera roll. Captions display over the images; however, I noticed that lengthy descriptions often ended in the middle of a sentence. This, coupled with constant crashes, downgrades what is otherwise a five-star app.
In addition to the photo library, Life Mobile also includes a CoverMaker for you to create your own Life cover. You can pinch and zoom to make the image bigger, but I could never shrink my test images. You can also play photo editor with the Photo Face-Off game, which is a good time kille
Working in conjunction with Life.com, the Life Mobile app contains all the photos available on the website. You can browse photos by category or search for a keyword. Photo galleries load quickly and you can swipe through just like in your camera roll. Captions display over the images; however, I noticed that lengthy descriptions often ended in the middle of a sentence. This, coupled with constant crashes, downgrades what is otherwise a five-star app.
In addition to the photo library, Life Mobile also includes a CoverMaker for you to create your own Life cover. You can pinch and zoom to make the image bigger, but I could never shrink my test images. You can also play photo editor with the Photo Face-Off game, which is a good time kille
French Establish First Settlement
Represented on maps as early as 1507, the Gulf of Mexico inlet now known as Mobile Bay was navigated by European seafarers in 1519 when ships under the command of Spanish Admiral Alonso Alvaraz de Pineda sought a safe harbor in which to undertake repairs. The bay area was not really explored, however, until 1558. It was included in the vast region that was claimed for France's King Louis XIV and was named Louisiana by French explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle in 1682. France authorized two brothers, Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville and Jean Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville, to explore territories in Louisiana, and they arrived at the gulf inlet that is now called Mobile Bay in 1699. The area was subsequently considered crucial to establishing French occupation of Louisiana and the brothers were ordered to colonize the region, which was inhabited by the Mobile, or Maubila, tribe. In 1702 Bienville established Fort Louis de la Mobile—named to honor France's king and to acknowledge the native tribe—at Twenty Seven Mile Bluff on the banks of the Mobile River, just north of present-day Mobile. It was the first French town in the gulf region.
The settlement, which consisted of the log fort, Creole houses, a church, a hospital, a marketplace with shops, and a well, served as the capital of the vast Louisiana Territory. Women joined the community in 1704. When river flooding forced the colony to abandon Fort Louis de la Mobile in 1711, the settlement's four hundred inhabitants moved downstream to a new site protected by a wooden fort at the river's mouth on Mobile Bay. During this era, pelts, furs, wax, and tallow were transported down river to where the bay meets the gulf for transfer to ocean-going vessels. This settlement retained the name Mobile and remained the capital of the Louisiana Territory until New Orleans assumed that title in 1720. That same year Mobile renamed its fort Fort Conde. A brick structure later replaced the original fort
The settlement, which consisted of the log fort, Creole houses, a church, a hospital, a marketplace with shops, and a well, served as the capital of the vast Louisiana Territory. Women joined the community in 1704. When river flooding forced the colony to abandon Fort Louis de la Mobile in 1711, the settlement's four hundred inhabitants moved downstream to a new site protected by a wooden fort at the river's mouth on Mobile Bay. During this era, pelts, furs, wax, and tallow were transported down river to where the bay meets the gulf for transfer to ocean-going vessels. This settlement retained the name Mobile and remained the capital of the Louisiana Territory until New Orleans assumed that title in 1720. That same year Mobile renamed its fort Fort Conde. A brick structure later replaced the original fort
MMA HISTORY
The Mobile Marketing Association (MMA) is an international non-profit industry trade group that represents over 600 agencies, advertisers, hand held device manufacturers, wireless operators, aggregators, technology enablers, market research firms and other companies focused on marketing via the mobile channel
The association’s headquarters are located in the United States, with branches located in Europe, the Middle East and Africa (EMEA), Asia Pacific (APAC) and Latin America (LATAM).
The MMA's aim is to work in a collaborative manner to educate the marketplace and establish industry-wide, national and international best practices and guidelines for mobile marketing.
The association was founded in 2000 as the Wireless Advertising Association (WAA), a New York-based non-profit trade association. In 2003, the WAA and the European-based Wireless Marketing Association (WMA) joined to form Mobile Marketing Association in the United Kingdom and France. The MMA North America remained at around 10–20 member companies until 2005 when mobile marketing began to take off in the United States. MMA established two national chapters in Austria and Spain and regional branches for EMEA and APAC in 2007 and for LATAM in 2008.
The association’s headquarters are located in the United States, with branches located in Europe, the Middle East and Africa (EMEA), Asia Pacific (APAC) and Latin America (LATAM).
The MMA's aim is to work in a collaborative manner to educate the marketplace and establish industry-wide, national and international best practices and guidelines for mobile marketing.
The association was founded in 2000 as the Wireless Advertising Association (WAA), a New York-based non-profit trade association. In 2003, the WAA and the European-based Wireless Marketing Association (WMA) joined to form Mobile Marketing Association in the United Kingdom and France. The MMA North America remained at around 10–20 member companies until 2005 when mobile marketing began to take off in the United States. MMA established two national chapters in Austria and Spain and regional branches for EMEA and APAC in 2007 and for LATAM in 2008.
Mobile Malware: The Brief History
A new more dangerous time for mobile device users, filled with mobile malware, is upon us. As with desktop computers, the Lilliputian world of PDAs and smartphones is no longer immune to malicious attack.
This new reality was emphasized this week by the discovery of the one of the most sophisticated mobile viruses yet produced, Lasco.A. Unlike previous malware, Lasco.A attacks most often when users attempt to trade programs, but will also try to infect phones that are connected to its host device within Bluetooth range.
It all began "innocent" enough with a pair of "proof-of-concept" trojans, but quickly got ugly—when virus writers with less "benign" intentions jumped on the mobile malware bandwagon.
In this article, we take you through the trojans and viruses that were designed to affect and infect handhelds and smartphones over the last half a year or so, before directing you to articles on how to keep their PDAs, cell phones, and smartphones safe.
The list is in reverse order, moving backwards from Lasco.A.
This new reality was emphasized this week by the discovery of the one of the most sophisticated mobile viruses yet produced, Lasco.A. Unlike previous malware, Lasco.A attacks most often when users attempt to trade programs, but will also try to infect phones that are connected to its host device within Bluetooth range.
It all began "innocent" enough with a pair of "proof-of-concept" trojans, but quickly got ugly—when virus writers with less "benign" intentions jumped on the mobile malware bandwagon.
In this article, we take you through the trojans and viruses that were designed to affect and infect handhelds and smartphones over the last half a year or so, before directing you to articles on how to keep their PDAs, cell phones, and smartphones safe.
The list is in reverse order, moving backwards from Lasco.A.
Mobile Emerges Triumphant
The city's post-Civil War recovery was aided by port-related activity; the shipping channel was deepened and shipbuilding increased. In the 1870s, Mobile began to serve as a major center for the importation of Brazilian coffee. Railroad expansion also contributed to Mobile's emergence as a major distribution center. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the city's port underwent further development and modernization, and in the 1920s the Alabama State Docks were conceived and realized as a means of providing and maintaining adequate port facilities. Mobile's shipbuilding contributed to the war efforts during World War I, and in the 1940s the city's shipyards were packed with shifts of workers welding hulls for World War II naval operations.
While Mobile found itself weathering the violent racial tensions that swept the nation in the 1960s, the city was and is often the site of damaging tropical storms. Mobile sustained heavy losses after hurricane Camille hit the Gulf Coast in 1969, destroying a total of $1.5 billion worth of property along the coast and claiming 250 lives in Mobile. Ten years later hurricane Frederic was especially brutal for the city, with property damage in Mobile mounting to $1 billion. In 2004, hurricane Ivan attacked the Gulf Coast, leaving Mobile another hefty bill.
An economically diverse community, Mobile now counts oil and gas reserves, discovered in the 1970s, among its economic resources. The city continues to benefit from port activities and is also a center for manufacturing. The area produces chemicals, steel, wood pulp and paper products, furniture, rayon fibers, and clothing, and is a growing center for medical care, research, and education. Tourists and conventioneers enjoy the city's Creole charm and nearby coastal beaches. Mobile's long-term French and Spanish heritage make it unique in Alabama and places the city among the elite urban centers of the South. In 2002, Mobile celebrated its 300th birthday with events around the city.
Historical Information: Historic Mobile Preservation Society, 300 Oakleigh Place, Mobile, AL 36606; telephone (251)432-6161. Bienville Historical Society, The Center for Gulf Studies Library, 606 Government Street, Mobile, AL 36602; telephone
While Mobile found itself weathering the violent racial tensions that swept the nation in the 1960s, the city was and is often the site of damaging tropical storms. Mobile sustained heavy losses after hurricane Camille hit the Gulf Coast in 1969, destroying a total of $1.5 billion worth of property along the coast and claiming 250 lives in Mobile. Ten years later hurricane Frederic was especially brutal for the city, with property damage in Mobile mounting to $1 billion. In 2004, hurricane Ivan attacked the Gulf Coast, leaving Mobile another hefty bill.
An economically diverse community, Mobile now counts oil and gas reserves, discovered in the 1970s, among its economic resources. The city continues to benefit from port activities and is also a center for manufacturing. The area produces chemicals, steel, wood pulp and paper products, furniture, rayon fibers, and clothing, and is a growing center for medical care, research, and education. Tourists and conventioneers enjoy the city's Creole charm and nearby coastal beaches. Mobile's long-term French and Spanish heritage make it unique in Alabama and places the city among the elite urban centers of the South. In 2002, Mobile celebrated its 300th birthday with events around the city.
Historical Information: Historic Mobile Preservation Society, 300 Oakleigh Place, Mobile, AL 36606; telephone (251)432-6161. Bienville Historical Society, The Center for Gulf Studies Library, 606 Government Street, Mobile, AL 36602; telephone
History of Mobile Augmented Reality
Ivan Sutherland creates the first augmented reality system, which is also the first virtual reality system. It uses an optical see-through head-mounted display that is tracked by one of two different 6DOF trackers: a mechanical tracker and an ultrasonic tracker. Due to the limited processing power of computers at that time, only very simple wireframe drawings could be displayed in real time.
French Establish First Settlemen
Represented on maps as early as 1507, the Gulf of Mexico inlet now known as Mobile Bay was navigated by European seafarers in 1519 when ships under the command of Spanish Admiral Alonso Alvaraz de Pineda sought a safe harbor in which to undertake repairs. The bay area was not really explored, however, until 1558. It was included in the vast region that was claimed for France's King Louis XIV and was named Louisiana by French explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle in 1682. France authorized two brothers, Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville and Jean Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville, to explore territories in Louisiana, and they arrived at the gulf inlet that is now called Mobile Bay in 1699. The area was subsequently considered crucial to establishing French occupation of Louisiana and the brothers were ordered to colonize the region, which was inhabited by the Mobile, or Maubila, tribe. In 1702 Bienville established Fort Louis de la Mobile—named to honor France's king and to acknowledge the native tribe—at Twenty Seven Mile Bluff on the banks of the Mobile River, just north of present-day Mobile. It was the first French town in the gulf region.
The settlement, which consisted of the log fort, Creole houses, a church, a hospital, a marketplace with shops, and a well, served as the capital of the vast Louisiana Territory. Women joined the community in 1704. When river flooding forced the colony to abandon Fort Louis de la Mobile in 1711, the settlement's four hundred inhabitants moved downstream to a new site protected by a wooden fort at the river's mouth on Mobile Bay. During this era, pelts, furs, wax, and tallow were transported down river to where the bay meets the gulf for transfer to ocean-going vessels. This settlement retained the name Mobile and remained the capital of the Louisiana Territory until New Orleans assumed that title in 1720. That same year Mobile renamed its fort Fort Conde. A brick structure later replaced the original fort.
The settlement, which consisted of the log fort, Creole houses, a church, a hospital, a marketplace with shops, and a well, served as the capital of the vast Louisiana Territory. Women joined the community in 1704. When river flooding forced the colony to abandon Fort Louis de la Mobile in 1711, the settlement's four hundred inhabitants moved downstream to a new site protected by a wooden fort at the river's mouth on Mobile Bay. During this era, pelts, furs, wax, and tallow were transported down river to where the bay meets the gulf for transfer to ocean-going vessels. This settlement retained the name Mobile and remained the capital of the Louisiana Territory until New Orleans assumed that title in 1720. That same year Mobile renamed its fort Fort Conde. A brick structure later replaced the original fort.
History Of Cell Phones
Before the advent of mobile phone, radio telephony technology was in use. The first-class passenger trains, between Berlin and Hamburg, made great use of the technology in 1926. Radio telephone was also used in passenger airplanes and for the purpose of air traffic security. German tanks, during the Second World War, made use of radio telephony at a large scale. At that time, people were especially trained to use the equipment.
Two-way radios served as the predecessor of the present day cellular phones. Before the advent of handheld cell phones, two-ways radios, known as mobile rigs, were installed in vehicles like taxicabs, ambulances and police cruisers, that too permanently. Since mobile radios were not connected to the telephone network, people could not dial them from their home phones. However, this technology gained immense popularity among mobile radio users.
Later version of mobile radio phones came to be known as "bag phones", which came with integrated cigarette lighter plug. Installed in a vehicle permanently, they were used either as mobiles or as portable two-way radios. Later on, in the beginning of 1940s, Motorola Company came with a new development in the field of mobile phones - a backpacked two-way radio, called "Walkie Talkie". It was a large and bulky handheld two-way radio, as big as a man's forearm. Known as battery operated "Handie-Talkie", it found a use in the US military.
An important turning point in history of cell phones came with the development of mobile phone base stations. In 1947, Bell Labs Engineers developed mobile phone base stations. In the same year, hexagonal cells for mobile phones were introduced by Douglas H. Ring and W. Rae Young. Philip T. Porter, an engineer of Bell Labs, proposed that the cell towers should be positioned at corners of the hexagons, instead of center. He argued for directional antennas, in order to transmit or receive signals in three directions, into three adjacent hexagon cells.
It was Ericsson Company that released world's first fully automatic mobile phone system, called MTA (Mobile Telephone System A), in Sweden, in the year 1956. Although the gadget was operated automatically, it didn't impress the users, because it was very bulky. It weighed around 40 kg. An upgraded version of the MTA was introduced later on, in 1965 to be precise, which was comparatively lighter. The gadget, known as MTB, used DTMF signaling.
The experimental model of a wearable automatic mobile phone was developed by Leonid Kupriyanovich in Moscow, in 1957. The young engineer, who had also developed radiophone, named it as LK-1. The gadget was operated with a base station. With a battery life of 20-30 hours, it operated within a distance of 20-30 km and weighed 3 kg. Leonid patented the mobile phone in 1957 and developed a pocket version of the mobile phone, weighing 0.5 kg, in the following year.
A pocket mobile phone, which operated automatically, was developed in Bulgaria, in the year 1966. Known as RAT-0.5, the phone was coordinated with base station RATZ-10. Further development in the field of cell phones was recorded in the year 1967, when it was decided that each mobile phone should stay within the cell area, serviced by only one base station, throughout the duration of the phone call.
Though it was a novel concept, the requirement of one base station broke the continuity of automatic telephone service to mobile phones, which moved through different cell areas. Three years later, in 1970, Amos E. Joel a Bell Labs engineer, invented an automatically operated "call handoff" system. This system permitted the mobile phones to move through several cell areas, during a phone call, without the loss of conversation.
In 1971, AT&T Incorporation proposed a cellular service, which was approved by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) later on. Another development in the history of cell phones came with the success of ARP network, which was launched in Finland, in the year 1971. It was one of the first commercial mobile phone networks in the world and is, sometimes, called the Zero Generation cellular network (0G) as well.
The invention of the gadget closely resembling the present day cell phones is credited to Dr. Martin Cooper, a researcher and employee of Motorola. He developed the first cellular phone, named Motorola DynaTAC, on 3rd April 1973. The phone was 9 inches long, 5 inches wide and 1.75 inches thick. It weighed 2.5 pounds and carried 30 circuit boards within it. With a recharge time of 10 hours, it provided a talk time of 35 minutes. The user could talk, listen and dial phone numbers using the cell phone. However, it didn't have a display screen. With the passage of time the refinements in cell phone design took place and today we have cell phone that act as smartphones. These cell phone works as mini computers and are equipped with camera, MP3 players and other features.
Image Gallery: Matthew Miller's mobile device history, 1997-2008
A Clie UX50! I had such good memories with it. I used one through college (and scoffed at those who lugged big notebooks in the process). It (along with my cellphone via a Bluetooth link) gave me access to the internet just about anywhere. It was also my MP3 player, note taker, camcorder, camera, and later it became my video player too. Too bad it's battery eventually gave up the ghost and now it's pretty much a expensive paperweight that sits next to my Media Center PC (thank you so much for making a device with irreplaceable batteries, Sony!).
I also have a iPaq H1940. Mom gave it to me upon graduation since my Clie's battery by then could only hold 10 minutes of charge. I didn't use it much simce it was seriously lacking in features, but maybe that would change sometime.
As for the HTC TyTN, heh, I still use one. Got it a year and a half ago and it pretty much singlehandedly replaced the Clie, the iPaq and my old cellphone.
I also have a iPaq H1940. Mom gave it to me upon graduation since my Clie's battery by then could only hold 10 minutes of charge. I didn't use it much simce it was seriously lacking in features, but maybe that would change sometime.
As for the HTC TyTN, heh, I still use one. Got it a year and a half ago and it pretty much singlehandedly replaced the Clie, the iPaq and my old cellphone.
Mobile Phone History Video
In light of about your first mobile device, I thought this video below might be fitting for today. A cell phone was probably quite a few people’s first mobile device and today mobile isn’t mobile without a cell phone (for most of us anyway). The video below is an interesting snapshot in the evolution of the cell phone.
MobileTeam/Mobile/History
This was an extension of the GNOME Mobile and Embedded Initiative however it was confusing to many people mainly because of the preexisting Ubuntu Embedded Team which was working to get something like emdebian working for Ubuntu. The Ubuntu Embedded team was mainly looking at getting Ubuntu working on ARM based devices
The Ubuntu Mobile and Embedded Team starts work and as time passed, most of the focus was on getting hildon and moblin into Ubuntu, and porting to the new lpia architecture from Intel.
During the hardy cycle, there was work towards getting something to work on various devices, based on the "menlow" and "mccaslin" platforms from Intel.This work didn't complete within the hardy cycle, and continued in a PPA.
This resulted in the first release image of Ubuntu MI
Call History Per Contact
n WM6 we did a bit of work to make it easier to track your call history with a particular person. So, in addition to being able to see your entire call history you can now get individual call history from your contact card. This is a feature I'm particularly fond of, so I thought I'd point it out and run through the details.
You find this feature in the contacts card of someone you've called or who's called you. Just under the header you'll see a new field that says "Last Call". This field gives you information about your last phone communication with this contact:
If you are trying to find out how many times your mom called you last week this would be the way to go, and you can even get to it from the call history list by actioning on a particular call to bring up the contact card. Of course you can still see your full call history from the dedicated app with calls to all contacts sorted by time. There you can filter for missed, incoming and outgoing calls as well.
You find this feature in the contacts card of someone you've called or who's called you. Just under the header you'll see a new field that says "Last Call". This field gives you information about your last phone communication with this contact:
- The time of the last call, or the date if it wasn't today
- The number that was used - in case your contact has multiple numbers like mobile, work, home, etc...
- The direction of the call in an icon - outgoing, incoming, or missed
If you are trying to find out how many times your mom called you last week this would be the way to go, and you can even get to it from the call history list by actioning on a particular call to bring up the contact card. Of course you can still see your full call history from the dedicated app with calls to all contacts sorted by time. There you can filter for missed, incoming and outgoing calls as well.
History Of Mofi
Mobile Fidelity Sound Lab has been the undisputed pioneer and leader in audiophile recordings since the company's inception in 1977. Established by dedicated audiophiles, Mobile Fidelity's first and foremost goal was to offer faithfully reproduced high fidelity recordings that would compliment the numerous advances occurring in audio delivery systems. Throughout its history, Mobile Fidelity has remained true to this goal, pioneering state-of-the-art technologies and setting audiophile standards that remain in place today
In response to rapid advancements in both recording formats and audio delivery systems over the past several years, Mobile Fidelity has maintained its ongoing commitment to improving industry standards. This has resulted in the introduction of numerous innovations in the audiophile arena: half-speed mastered Original Master Recording™ LPs, Ultra High Quality Records™ (UHQRs), high fidelity cassettes, consumer alignment devices for phono cartridges and audio cassette decks, Original Master Recording™ compact discs, the 24-karat gold plated Ultradisc™ CD and the Ultradisc™ Ultra High Resolution™ (UHR). To this day the independently owned firm continues its commitment to exceeding industry standards.
History of Mobile Phones | 2.5G Network | What's Inside A Mobile Phone
In the history of communications technology, Martin Cooper pioneered the cellular telephony technology and that is why he was considered as “the father of mobile telephony”. Mr. Cooper introduced the 1st mobile in 1973 in USA while working for the famous Motorola company, but it was not until 1979 when the first commercial cellular system was introduced in Tokyo, Japan by NTT. It was in 1981 when the Nordic countries introduced a mobile system similar to Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS). Side by side in 1983, United States adopted the rules for creating the first commercial cellular system that was put into operation for the first time in the city of Chicago. This step by US served as a starting point for the spread of mobile technology in several countries around the world. This system was then used as an alternative to conventional wireless telephony. The latest mobile technology was widely accepted by all the countries and within a few years, there were millions of people who began using this system. After this, there began the need to develop and implement other forms of multiple access channels and transform the analog signal to digital in order to make space for more and more users that were increasing at a rapid rate. Now in order to separate one from other stage, mobile telephony has been characterized by having different generations namely 1G, 2G, 2.5G, 3G and now 4G and 5G. I have already described 1G, 2G, and 3G in my previous hub, Cell Phone Generations - Advantage of 3G network over 1G and 2G but in between the generation of 2G and 3G, there was a generation which I forgot to mention and that was 2.5G which is very important for the understanding of mobile phone generations so here it is:
WAECO – specialists in mobile technology
1974 was a very eventful year: Germany walked away with the World Cup trophy and US President Richard Nixon was forced to resign over the Watergate scandal, sharing the fate of Federal Chancellor Willy Brandt who had stepped down a few weeks earlier over the Guillaume affair. While ABBA made music history with their immortal "Waterloo" song, Turkey invaded the north of Cyprus, HP launched the world's first programmable pocket calculator, and Germany set up its national register of traffic offences. In the midst of those events, almost unnoticed by the public, a technical revolution took its course to bring boundless opportunities to the mobile community …
In the early seventies it was virtually impossible on board a sailing yacht or boat to keep food and beverages fresh for a longer time. Two brothers, Theodor and Peter Wähning, had an ingenious idea. They created the first battery powered refrigerator – and that was the birth of WAECO.
The first step: mobile refrigerationTo solve the problem of mobile cooling, the two founders designed a refrigerator with a hermetic cooling circuit, driven by a compressor and powered by a battery. A sensation at the time, the benefits of their invention are now widely taken for granted by the mobile community. The first mobile fridge paved the way to what is now the world's most varied range of mobile refrigeration products for private and professional use.
WAECO has lead the way in this industry for over 30 years now, setting new standards in terms of quality and functionality time and again. There are many products to prove this point: designer mini fridges with cult potential, wine climatisers for perfect mobile enjoyment, powerful coolers that can be operated from various energy sources, and last but not least WAECO's legendary compressor refrigerators and cooling unit series. Quality and variety, combined with a comprehensive service offer, have won the company an excellent reputation. The customer base includes end-users as well as renowned manufacturers of cars, trucks, motorhomes and yachts who appreciate WAECO as a competent partner for custom design and series production.
Growth and diversification: from a two-men operation into a global player
The untiring dedication of the Wähning brothers helped the company grow at a breath-taking pace. New product lines were launched almost every year to close the gaps in the range and create what Theodor and Peter Wähning considered a seamless offer. In parallel to the constantly growing range of mobile cooling appliances, the two pioneers developed a wide array of electronic accessories for economical use of precious battery power.
Doing the small step from mobile cooling to mobile kitchen equipment was then a logical progression for WAECO. Microwave ovens, coffeemakers and car kettles, all designed for the rigours of mobile use, were added to the range to provide travellers with unprecedented comfort and convenience.
In 1981 WAECO forged a partnership with DIAVIA, an Italian company specialised in vehicle air conditioning – the technology required to generate cold under mobile conditions. The cooperation resulted in a dense network of AirCon service partners and made the company the Number One in the European market for retrofit automotive air conditioners. Here again, competence is what matters most to WAECO. Training courses are organised on a regular basis to provide the partners with valuable know-how. A perfect logistic system guarantees fast delivery of spare parts and consumables.
While working on retrofit air conditioners, WAECO discovered many new opportunities to provide motor enthusiasts with even more safety and comfort. As a result, they created a wide range of automotive accessories all designed for fast and easy DIY fitting. This activity paved the way to another product segment where WAECO now ranks as the European market leader: reversing video systems for private and professional use.
Global expansion progressed at a similar pace. Today WAECO brings comfort and safety to customers on four continents through its subsidiaries in the USA, Australia the Middle East and the Far East. With proprietary production plants in Emsdetten (Germany), Novafeltria (Italy), Ostroda (Poland) and Shenzhen (China), WAECO is able to provide products of consistent quality. With a local presence in markets around the globe, the company can respond quickly and individually to its customers' demands.
Outlook: a passion for performance and progressEven today, more than thirty years after its founding, the company has retained its pioneering spirit. Untiring in their search for perfection, WAECO's engineers use modern research methods to optimise the existing range and create entirely new products for the mobile community.
Since the 1st of March 2007, WAECO has been operating in a new ownership structure. That was the day when Ruth, Peter and Theodor Wähning sold all company shares to Dometic Deutschland GmbH. “The principal idea behind the merger is to continue our growth and build a globally operating business able to act as a single-source supplier of convenience accessories for the leisure market and all types of vehicles, including boats,” comments Reimund Spies, Managing Director of Dometic Deutschland GmbH and Dometic WAECO International GmbH. “The companies’ markets, products and key regions perfectly complement each other. Management succession and generation change, widely known as critical topics on the agenda of family businesses, are now crossed off the task list and WAECO can move full steam ahead into the future.”
Dometic has long been a worldwide leading manufacturer of absorption refrigerators, kitchen equipment, windows, doors, sanitation equipment and convenience devices for the recreational vehicle and marine markets. Its customer base includes manufacturers of motorhomes, camper vans and leisure boats. The Siegen-based company also manufactures special cooling systems and other products for the healthcare sector and the hotel industry.
Dometic, as an independent group, was founded in 2001 out of Electrolux Leisure Appliances. The Dometic Group sells its products in about 100 countries.
In the early seventies it was virtually impossible on board a sailing yacht or boat to keep food and beverages fresh for a longer time. Two brothers, Theodor and Peter Wähning, had an ingenious idea. They created the first battery powered refrigerator – and that was the birth of WAECO.
The first step: mobile refrigerationTo solve the problem of mobile cooling, the two founders designed a refrigerator with a hermetic cooling circuit, driven by a compressor and powered by a battery. A sensation at the time, the benefits of their invention are now widely taken for granted by the mobile community. The first mobile fridge paved the way to what is now the world's most varied range of mobile refrigeration products for private and professional use.
WAECO has lead the way in this industry for over 30 years now, setting new standards in terms of quality and functionality time and again. There are many products to prove this point: designer mini fridges with cult potential, wine climatisers for perfect mobile enjoyment, powerful coolers that can be operated from various energy sources, and last but not least WAECO's legendary compressor refrigerators and cooling unit series. Quality and variety, combined with a comprehensive service offer, have won the company an excellent reputation. The customer base includes end-users as well as renowned manufacturers of cars, trucks, motorhomes and yachts who appreciate WAECO as a competent partner for custom design and series production.
Growth and diversification: from a two-men operation into a global player
The untiring dedication of the Wähning brothers helped the company grow at a breath-taking pace. New product lines were launched almost every year to close the gaps in the range and create what Theodor and Peter Wähning considered a seamless offer. In parallel to the constantly growing range of mobile cooling appliances, the two pioneers developed a wide array of electronic accessories for economical use of precious battery power.
Doing the small step from mobile cooling to mobile kitchen equipment was then a logical progression for WAECO. Microwave ovens, coffeemakers and car kettles, all designed for the rigours of mobile use, were added to the range to provide travellers with unprecedented comfort and convenience.
In 1981 WAECO forged a partnership with DIAVIA, an Italian company specialised in vehicle air conditioning – the technology required to generate cold under mobile conditions. The cooperation resulted in a dense network of AirCon service partners and made the company the Number One in the European market for retrofit automotive air conditioners. Here again, competence is what matters most to WAECO. Training courses are organised on a regular basis to provide the partners with valuable know-how. A perfect logistic system guarantees fast delivery of spare parts and consumables.
While working on retrofit air conditioners, WAECO discovered many new opportunities to provide motor enthusiasts with even more safety and comfort. As a result, they created a wide range of automotive accessories all designed for fast and easy DIY fitting. This activity paved the way to another product segment where WAECO now ranks as the European market leader: reversing video systems for private and professional use.
Global expansion progressed at a similar pace. Today WAECO brings comfort and safety to customers on four continents through its subsidiaries in the USA, Australia the Middle East and the Far East. With proprietary production plants in Emsdetten (Germany), Novafeltria (Italy), Ostroda (Poland) and Shenzhen (China), WAECO is able to provide products of consistent quality. With a local presence in markets around the globe, the company can respond quickly and individually to its customers' demands.
Outlook: a passion for performance and progressEven today, more than thirty years after its founding, the company has retained its pioneering spirit. Untiring in their search for perfection, WAECO's engineers use modern research methods to optimise the existing range and create entirely new products for the mobile community.
Since the 1st of March 2007, WAECO has been operating in a new ownership structure. That was the day when Ruth, Peter and Theodor Wähning sold all company shares to Dometic Deutschland GmbH. “The principal idea behind the merger is to continue our growth and build a globally operating business able to act as a single-source supplier of convenience accessories for the leisure market and all types of vehicles, including boats,” comments Reimund Spies, Managing Director of Dometic Deutschland GmbH and Dometic WAECO International GmbH. “The companies’ markets, products and key regions perfectly complement each other. Management succession and generation change, widely known as critical topics on the agenda of family businesses, are now crossed off the task list and WAECO can move full steam ahead into the future.”
Dometic has long been a worldwide leading manufacturer of absorption refrigerators, kitchen equipment, windows, doors, sanitation equipment and convenience devices for the recreational vehicle and marine markets. Its customer base includes manufacturers of motorhomes, camper vans and leisure boats. The Siegen-based company also manufactures special cooling systems and other products for the healthcare sector and the hotel industry.
Dometic, as an independent group, was founded in 2001 out of Electrolux Leisure Appliances. The Dometic Group sells its products in about 100 countries.
The Changes to Mobile Phones over the last 30 years
Although mobile phones have taken over our current society, they have been around for several decades in some form or another. Beginning in the late 1940s, the technology that would later be used in today’s cell phones was created and the idea of a mobile phone was introduced. This cell technology was first used in mobile rigs which was mainly used in taxis, police cars and other emergency vehicles and situations. Truckers also used a form of this technology to communicate with each other. Little did they know how far their idea would advance to make it accessible to the majority of the population.
The first mobile phones, referred to as First Generation or 1G, were introduced to the public market in 1983 by the Motorola Company. These first mobile phones used analog technology which was much less reliable than the digital technology we use today. The analog phones also had a great deal more static and noise interference than we are accustomed to today. The first mobile phones during this era were confined to car phones and they were permanently installed in the floorboard of automobiles. After a few years, they became mobile and consumers could take the phones with them outside of the car. However, they were the size of a large briefcase and very inconvenient. The main purpose of this First Generation technology was for voice traffic, but consumers felt insecure about people listening in on their conversations. These new mobile phones were also rather expensive, many of them costing hundreds of dollars. They were more of a status symbol during the decade rather than a means of convenience.
During the 1990s, great improvements were made in the mobile phone technology. These phones used Second Generation, or 2G technology. In 1990, the first cell phone call was made using the new digital technology that became characteristic of this era. The Second Generation cellular phone technology was faster and much quieter than its analog predecessor. As a result, it became even more popular than previous models, too. The new technology also made them capable of being smaller rather than the large briefcase-sized units from the 1980s. Smaller batteries and other technology that made the phones more energy-efficient helped contribute to their smaller sizes and their popularity. Companies also strived to make the prices more affordable than the mobile phones of the 1980s. You could buy a decent cell phone with 2G technology for approximately $200 along with an airtime service. The cell phone industry was beginning to take off.
The first mobile phones, referred to as First Generation or 1G, were introduced to the public market in 1983 by the Motorola Company. These first mobile phones used analog technology which was much less reliable than the digital technology we use today. The analog phones also had a great deal more static and noise interference than we are accustomed to today. The first mobile phones during this era were confined to car phones and they were permanently installed in the floorboard of automobiles. After a few years, they became mobile and consumers could take the phones with them outside of the car. However, they were the size of a large briefcase and very inconvenient. The main purpose of this First Generation technology was for voice traffic, but consumers felt insecure about people listening in on their conversations. These new mobile phones were also rather expensive, many of them costing hundreds of dollars. They were more of a status symbol during the decade rather than a means of convenience.
During the 1990s, great improvements were made in the mobile phone technology. These phones used Second Generation, or 2G technology. In 1990, the first cell phone call was made using the new digital technology that became characteristic of this era. The Second Generation cellular phone technology was faster and much quieter than its analog predecessor. As a result, it became even more popular than previous models, too. The new technology also made them capable of being smaller rather than the large briefcase-sized units from the 1980s. Smaller batteries and other technology that made the phones more energy-efficient helped contribute to their smaller sizes and their popularity. Companies also strived to make the prices more affordable than the mobile phones of the 1980s. You could buy a decent cell phone with 2G technology for approximately $200 along with an airtime service. The cell phone industry was beginning to take off.
History of Cellular Phones
The basic concept of cellular phones began in 1947 when researchers looked at crude mobile (car) phones and realized that by using small cells (range of service area) with frequency reuse could increase the traffic capacity of mobile phones substantially, however, the technology to do it was nonexistent.
Anything to do with broadcasting and sending a radio or television message out over the airwaves comes under a Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulation that a cellular phone is actually a type of two-way radio. In 1947, AT&T proposed that the FCC allocate a large number of radio spectrum frequencies so that wide-spread mobile phone service could become feasible and AT&T would have a incentive to research the new technology. We can partially blame the FCC for the gap between the concept of cellular phone service and it's availability to the public. Because of the FCC decision to limit the cellular phone frequencies in 1947, only twenty three cellular phone conversations could occur simultaneously in the same service area - not a market incentive for research.
The FCC reconsidered it's position in 1968, and stated "if the technology to build a better mobile phone service works, we will increase the cellular phone frequencies allocation, freeing the airwaves for more mobile phones." AT&T - Bell Labs proposed a cellular phone system to the FCC of many small, low-powered broadcast towers, each covering a 'cell' a few miles in radius, collectively covering a larger area. Each tower would use only a few of the total frequencies allocated to the cellular phone system, and as cars moved across the area their cellular phone calls would be passed from tower to tower.
Anything to do with broadcasting and sending a radio or television message out over the airwaves comes under a Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulation that a cellular phone is actually a type of two-way radio. In 1947, AT&T proposed that the FCC allocate a large number of radio spectrum frequencies so that wide-spread mobile phone service could become feasible and AT&T would have a incentive to research the new technology. We can partially blame the FCC for the gap between the concept of cellular phone service and it's availability to the public. Because of the FCC decision to limit the cellular phone frequencies in 1947, only twenty three cellular phone conversations could occur simultaneously in the same service area - not a market incentive for research.
The FCC reconsidered it's position in 1968, and stated "if the technology to build a better mobile phone service works, we will increase the cellular phone frequencies allocation, freeing the airwaves for more mobile phones." AT&T - Bell Labs proposed a cellular phone system to the FCC of many small, low-powered broadcast towers, each covering a 'cell' a few miles in radius, collectively covering a larger area. Each tower would use only a few of the total frequencies allocated to the cellular phone system, and as cars moved across the area their cellular phone calls would be passed from tower to tower.
Sunday, September 26, 2010
: Earn easy money doing small tasks
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I have come across a new website www.minijobz.comwhich pays for taking small tasks like
- Forum posting
- Article Writing
- Bookmarking
- Sign up
- Blog commenting
- Following on Twitter
- Digg and so on
Very low payout of just $5 through paypal ,alertpay or moneybookers..
Signup today and get $1 bonus..
Mobile Phone History
Digital wireless and cellular roots go back to the1940s when commercial mobile telephony began. Compared to today's furious pace of development, it may seem odd that wireless didn't come along sooner. There are many reasons for that. Technology, disinterest, and to some extent regulation limited early United States radio-telephone development. As the vacuum tube and the transistor made possible the early telephone network, the wireless revolution began only after low cost microprocessors and digital switching became available. And while the Bell System built the finest landline telephone system in the world, they never seemed truly committed to mobile telephony. Their wireless engineers were brilliant and keen but the System itself held them back. Federal regulations also hindered many projects but in Europe, where state run telephone companies controlled their own telecom development, although, admittedly, without competition, wireless came no sooner, and in most cases, later. Starting in 1921 in the United States mobile radios began operating at 2 MHz, just above the present A.M. radio broadcast band. [Young] These were chiefly experimental police department radios, with practical systems not implemented until the 1940s. [FCC] Police and emergency services drove mobile radio pioneering, with little thought given to private telephone use.
In 1934 the United States Congress created the Federal Communications Commission. In addition to regulating landline interstate telephone business, they also began managing the radio spectrum. It decided who would get what frequencies. It gave priority to emergency services, government agencies, utility companies, and services it thought helped the most people. Radio users like a taxi service or a tow truck dispatch company required little spectrum to conduct their business. Radio telephone used large frequency allocations to serve a few people. The FCC designated no radio-telephone channels until after World War II.
On June 17, 1946 in Saint Louis, Missouri, AT&T and Southwestern Bell introduced the first American commercial mobile radio-telephone service. Mobiles used newly issued vehicle radio-telephone licenses granted to Southwestern Bell by the FCC. They operated on six channels in the 150 MHz band with a 60 kHz channel spacing. [Peterson] Bad cross channel interference, something like cross talk in a landline phone, soon forced Bell to use only three channels. In a rare exception to Bell System practice, subscribers could buy their own radio sets and not AT&T's equipment. Installed high above Southwestern Bell's headquarters at 1010 Pine Street, a centrally located antenna transmitting 250 watts paged mobiles and provided radio-telephone traffic on the downlink. Operation was straightforward, as the following describes:
In 1934 the United States Congress created the Federal Communications Commission. In addition to regulating landline interstate telephone business, they also began managing the radio spectrum. It decided who would get what frequencies. It gave priority to emergency services, government agencies, utility companies, and services it thought helped the most people. Radio users like a taxi service or a tow truck dispatch company required little spectrum to conduct their business. Radio telephone used large frequency allocations to serve a few people. The FCC designated no radio-telephone channels until after World War II.
On June 17, 1946 in Saint Louis, Missouri, AT&T and Southwestern Bell introduced the first American commercial mobile radio-telephone service. Mobiles used newly issued vehicle radio-telephone licenses granted to Southwestern Bell by the FCC. They operated on six channels in the 150 MHz band with a 60 kHz channel spacing. [Peterson] Bad cross channel interference, something like cross talk in a landline phone, soon forced Bell to use only three channels. In a rare exception to Bell System practice, subscribers could buy their own radio sets and not AT&T's equipment. Installed high above Southwestern Bell's headquarters at 1010 Pine Street, a centrally located antenna transmitting 250 watts paged mobiles and provided radio-telephone traffic on the downlink. Operation was straightforward, as the following describes:
History of cellular mobile communications
Cellular mobile phones are often regarded as a fairly recent innovation, however, they have been freely available in the UK for over 20 years.
The first type of mobile phone was large and cumbersome and similar in size to a large briefcase. These phones were analogue based and in the early days not overly reliable, due to the two existing network operators needing to install an effective infrastructure of network coverage quickly.With the launch of the second generation (2G), consumer popularity rose steadily. Mobile phones became smaller and easier to handle. Network coverage improved greatly and it became more reliable.
During the period between December 1999 to December 2000 a total of 46,000 new users a day joined the UK mobile phone network. 5.1 million phones were bought in the UK during the 2000 Christmas period.
A Social History of the Mobile Telephone with a View of its Future
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| The social history of the mobile telephone involves both the history of technological development and an account of changing social and political frameworks into which the new technological developments become integrated. The technological innovations of mobile telephony were established from the 1940s, but it was not until the 1990s that adoption took off. It has been claimed that the mobile telephone revolution can be explained by changes in the way communication happens through social networks, away from old hierarchical forms. Several unique communicative and behavioural patterns have emerged in countries with mass use of the mobile telephone, including texting (SMS) and the development of new social norms. Nevertheless there is still huge global variation in use and development, and more research needs to be conducted which responds to very local patterns of use and reuse. |
Monday, September 20, 2010
Sony Notebooks - Development History
Sony Corporation is even the parent organization and the primary electronic business division of Sony Group. This division was engaged in manufacturing five major operating segments which includes entertainment (music and motion pictures), games, financial services and electronics. In the year 1945, just right after the Second Globe War, Masaru Ibuka, founded a organization and started a repair shop for repairing radios. Along with his friend Akio Morita, Ibuka founded Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo K. K. Organization.
The History Of Camcorder
A video camera and a VCR are two inseparable devices during the time when camcorder was not yet out in the market. JVC introduced VHS while Sony launched Umatic and Betamax making video recording more mobile. The VCR comprised of a detachable cassette player and a television tuner unit. Since during that time video cameras were initially intended for TV broadcasting purposes, the introduction of portable VCR’s and camera made significant impact to the broadcasting industry.
The History Of The Telehandler
Known by a variety of names, a telescopic handler; or telehandler; or even extendible reach forklift, is a machine widely used in agriculture and industry. It is similar in appearance and function to a forklift but is more a crane than the former, with the increased versatility of a single telescopic boom that can extend forwards and upwards from the vehicle. On the end of the boom the operator can fit one of several attachments, such as a bucket, tip skip, road brush, or lift table.
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